kingranch.com

King, Kenedy, Charles Stillman and James O'Donnell entered into a business partnership (M. Kenedy & Co.)

2007-08-25T21:51:00.000-07:00

King Ranch, c.1,000,000 acres (404,700 hectares), S Tex., SW of Corpus Christi with headquarters at Kingsville, Tex.; one of the largest ranches in the world. It has several divisions, of which the best known is Santa Gertrudis, the “home” ranch. The Santa Gertrudis, the only true cattle breed developed in North America, was developed there. Thoroughbred racehorses are also raised. The ranch was founded in 1853 by Richard King, a steamboat captain. After King's death, the giant holdings were managed by his son-in-law, Robert Kleberg; later, Kleberg's son succeeded to the management. The property was divided in 1935, but the central ranches are still large enough to resemble a semifeudal domain. Profits from oil and natural gas rights and farming have been added to income gained from the great beef herds.

King Ranch

King Ranch logo - the running W brand

King Ranch, located in south Texas between Corpus Christi and Brownsville, is one of the world's largest ranches (larger than Rhode Island). It is the largest ranch in the United States. The 825,000 acre (3,340 km²) ranch, founded in 1853 by Captain Richard King and Gideon K. Lewis, sprawls across six Texas counties, including much of Kenedy County.^[1] The ranch was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1961.

History

Paddle steamer on an American river.

Richard King

Richard King (1824-1885) was a riverman, born in New York City to Irish immigrants. He was indentured to a jeweler at age eleven but later ran away to sea^Lea_p2, serving as a cabin boy on the Desdemona.

After arriving on the Gulf Coast, King worked on Captain Hugh Monroe's steamboat. At age 13, upon Monroe's recommendation, King signed on with Captain Joe Holland's steamboat, where he learned to read and reckon. Holland sent King to Connecticut for schooling, but King again ran away at the end of the school term. He served on a Florida steamboat for the Second Seminole War. By 1842, King was working on the steamboats on the Apalachicola and Chattahoochee rivers, where he attained a pilot's rating. In 1843, King first met his future business partner in the King Ranch, Mifflin Kenedy (1818-1895), captain of the steamboat Champion.

The Wild Horse Desert

The striped area includes the Wild Horse Desert between the Nueces River and Rio Bravo

In 1845, Texas was annexed by the United States, but the Wild Horse Desert — the land between the Rio Grande and the Nueces River — was disputed territory, as the Nueces was claimed to be the boundary with Mexico. The Wild Horse Desert remained unsettled, as the Karankawas, the Lipans and the Comanches kept Spanish land grant holders from settling. Author Tom Lea wrote that the cattle of the Wild Horse Desert ran free on unfenced land from the early 1800s until 1840, when there were no more cattle to be stolen by the early Texan Cow Boys.^Lea_p108

Mexican War

On July 2, 1846, Kenedy signed on as captain of the steamer Corvette and was sent to pilot the waters of the Rio Grande. At that time, the Rio Grande was navigable from the mouth of the river to slightly past Roma, Texas. Richard King, by this time, had arrived on the Rio Grande and had signed on as a Second Pilot for the steamer Colonel Cross. After the end of the war, King was able to buy the Colonel Cross for $750 as surplus.^Lea_p45

King attempted to make a living hauling merchandise on the Rio Grande. In the meantime, Kenedy was able to make money by carrying goods overland into Mexico. By March 1, 1850, King, Kenedy, Charles Stillman and James O'Donnell entered into a business partnership (M. Kenedy & Co.) to transport Stillman's goods from the Gulf of Mexico and up the Rio Grande. The enterprise required two types of steamers — the Grampus and Comanche. Stillman sold his share of the enterprise after the American Civil War; the new firm operated as King, Kenedy & Co. until 1874.

Santa Gertrudis Creek and the ranch's origins

King first saw the land that would become part of the enormous King Ranch in April 1852 as he traveled north from Brownsville to attend the Lone Star Fair in Corpus Christi, a four day trip by horseback. After a grueling, hot and dusty ride, King caught sight of the Santa Gertrudis Creek, 124 miles from the Rio Grande. It was the first stream he had seen on the Wild Horse Desert. The land, which was shaded by large mesquite trees, so impressed him that when he arrived at the fair, he and a friend, Texas Ranger Captain Gideon K. "Legs" Lewis, agreed then and there to make it into a ranch.

The King Ranch LK brand, still in use today, stands for partners Lewis and King.

From September 1, 1852 to March 13, 1853, Lewis served as captain of Texas Mounted Volunteers, which patrolled the Corpus Christi area. Concurrently, King and Lewis established a cow camp on Santa Gertrudis Creek. During this time, Richard King purchased the Rincón de Santa Gertrudis grant, a 15,500 acre (63 km²) holding that encompassed present-day Kingsville, Texas. It was purchased from the heirs of Juan Mendiola of Camargo on July 25, 1853, for $300. King sold Lewis an undivided half-interest in the land for $2,000. At the same time, Lewis sold King undivided half interest in the ranchos of Manuel Barrera and of Juan Villareal for the same sum, on November 14, 1853. In 1854, King and Lewis purchased the de la Garza Santa Gertrudis grant from Praxides Uribe of Matamoros for $1,800, on the condition of a perfected title (complete documentation of the land grant) on May 20, 1854 to 53 000 acres (214 km²). As the years passed, more land was added, growing to 1.2 million acres (4900 km²) at its largest extent, until reaching its current total.

In 1855 Lewis attempted a run for Congress. But an irate husband gunned him down on April 14 1855. Lewis had tried to retrieve damaging letters written and addressed to the man's wife, which her husband had intercepted. ^Lea_p133.

On July 1 1856, a court sale of Lewis' property (including the undivided half-interest in the land of the Ranch) was held. King had arranged for MAJ W.W. Chapman (died 1859) to bid on the Rincón property, which Chapman acquired for $1,575.

King interested Captain James Walworth in acquiring the entire de la Garza grant, which Walworth completed on December 26 1856, for $5000 paid to Praxides Uribe. King thus retained operational control of the Ranch, with Walworth as a silent partner who held title to the land, and who paid taxes on it.^Lea_p138

King and Walworth's brand was registered June 27 1859 along with his earlier brands (see below).

Early ranch operations

According to oral tradition, when King and his partners began hiring people to staff the ranch, they hired a number of Mexican hands, including an entire Mexican village that had been decimated by drought in 1854. Lea records that King led the entrada of villagers from Cruillas, Tamaulipas, Mexico in the early months of 1854. As the ranch grew, its hands came to be called "kineños," or "King's men." King's payroll records from the King Ranch Account Book include ^Lea_p120

Kenedy County is intertwined with tracts of the King Ranch

Francisco Alvarado
Juan Villareal
Damón Ortíz
Ylario Chapa
Frylan and Lucián Cabazos
Chili Ebano
Juan Cantú
James Richardson
William Gregory
William Houston
Tom Craig
Luke Hart
Faustino Villa

As the operation grew bigger, some original grantees returned to their land. King once said he "could not have kept on and held on if Andrés Canales had not been adjoining."^Lea_p124

Records show that a Mexican range cow cost $6 in 1854; a mustang cost $6; a stud horse cost $200-300 ^Lea_p121. In sum, in 1854 King paid $12,275.79. Lea estimates that 1855 expenses were smaller. The first brand was the Ere Flecha (a R with arrow through it) ^Lea_p150.

In 1859, the ranch recorded its first official brands (HK and LK). In 1869 the ranch registered its "Running W" brand, which remains the King Ranch's official mark today. At the time, the ranch grazed cattle, horses, sheep and goats. However, by the mid-1870s the ranch's hallmark stock had become the hardy Texas Longhorn. The ranch also boasted several Brahman bulls, as well as Beef Shorthorns and Herefords.

The Brahmans — which were bred specially to thrive in South Texas' hot climate — were crossed with the ranch's Beef Shorthorns to produce the ranch's own trademark stock — the Santa Gertrudis breed, which were recognized as a breed in 1940. The Santa Gertrudis was the first American breed of beef cattle.

Lea portrays King's purchase of the Ranch as motivated by his wooing of Henrietta Maria Morse Chamberlain (1832-1925). Their first encounter in February 1849 was on the Rio Grande, where her father Hiram Chamberlain, a Presbyterian minister, had rented the Whiteville as a houseboat. King swore at the crew of the Whiteville to leave the customary mooring of the Colonel Cross when he encountered his future bride, aged 17, who returned his fire ^{Lea_p64_note40p431} from the houseboat. King then wooed her by dutifully attending prayer meetings and church socials. Their marriage license was entered at Cameron County on December 9 1854. They were married in the First Presbyterian Church, Brownsville, Sunday December 10 1854, by the Rev. Hiram Chamberlain, immediately after the evening service. King had prepared carefully; the Ranch Account Book lists the purchase of a stagecoach for $400 on November 28 1854. The stagecoach ride to the Ranch took four days from Brownsville, accompanied by armed riders, attended by a ranch cook for the journey.

"When I came as a bride in 1854, a little ranch home then — a mere jacal as Mexicans would call it — was our abode for many months until our main ranch dwelling was completed. But I doubt if if it falls to the lot of any a bride to have had so happy a honeymoon. On horseback we roamed the broad prairies. When I grew tired my husband would spread a Mexican blanket for me and then I would take my siesta under the shade of the mesquite tree. ... I remember that my pantry was so small my platters were fastend to the walls outside. In those days large venison roasts were our favorite viands. ... At first our cattle were long horns from Mexico. We had no fences and branding was hard work."

— Henrietta King ^Lea_p128-9

The King Ranch HK brand stands for Henrietta King.

After an extended stay at the Ranch, the Kings were to open up a cottage next door to the Kenedys on Elizabeth Street in Brownsville, where they were to befriend Robert E. Lee. Their lives then entered cycles of ranch life, followed by town life.

Their first-born was Henrietta Maria King (April 17 1856-1918). She would later become Henrietta M. K. Atwood; as there were two Henriettas in the King family, she was nicknamed "Nettie".

Robert E. Lee

Richard King first met LTC Robert E. Lee (1807-1870), Second Cavalry, United States Army in Fall, 1856 while transporting Army supplies on the Rio Grande. Lee was on the Rio Grande while engaged in courts-martial at Fort Brown. King and Lee would sometimes ride horseback together when the court was in adjournment. Thus Robert E. Lee was able to visit the Ranch; in Tom Lea's opinion, Robert E. Lee chose the site for the Ranch house at Santa Gertrudis, which was completed sometime between 1857 and 1859. Lee would visit the Ranch several times in the period from 1856 to 1861.

"I am sure if General Lee were to recall those days, he would say that a dinner served off our tin plates on this old ranch was more appetizing than many a banquet accorded him in later years."

— Henrietta King ^{Lea_p144_note16p}

Encounters, Old-West style

The Kings would travel between Brownsville and the Ranch; one evening, the Kings were encamped by the side of the road when a lone man (who would later reveal his intentions as a bandido) asked to join camp that night. King then assented and sent him out for firewood. Henrietta was tending Nettie on a blanket. King was lighting twigs for the fire when Henrietta yelled out "Captain King! Behind you!". The experienced riverfront fighter slammed back his arms and grabbed the knife-wielding arm, tossing the entire weight of the bandido to the ground, wrenching the knife-wielding arm helpless. King then sternly ordered him to get out of camp.^{Lea_p147_note22}
As Henrietta King was baking bread in their jacal, with the infant Nettie in a cradle at the doorway, she turned to see an indio at the threshold. Brandishing a club, he leapt to the cradle and pointed to the bread with his other hand. Henrietta King gave him all the bread he could carry; he then disappeared without a word uttered.^{Lea_p147_note23}

In spring 1858 a Zona Libre (duty-free zone), six miles wide, was established along the Rio Grande along the boundary of the entire state of Tamaulipas. This had the effect of increasing smuggling across the Rio Grande, as goods could be imported into Mexico free of duty. Concurrently, General D.E. Twiggs ordered all US troops in the Department of Texas away from the border, thus on February 5 1859, the US Army abandoned all posts west of the Nueces River ^{Lea_p_note440}.

On July 13 1859 a siege of Brownsville was instigated by the unnecessary brutality of a City Marshall, Robert Shears, during the arrest of a former servant of Juan Nepomuceno Cortina. Cortina happened to be at a café in Brownsville when he witnessed the arrest for drunkenness. Cortina then disrupted the arrest and rescued his former servant by pulling him up on the saddle behind him, and galloping off. Cortina subsequently freed all Mexican prisoners from the Brownsville jail. It took General José María Jesús Carvajál of Matamoros to quiet the streets of Brownsville. A company of Texas Rangers proved ineffective at restoring order. No US Army representatives of law and order intervened until December 5 1859.

Robert E. Lee was ordered back as the new commander of the Department of Texas in March 1860. After quelling the incursions of banditry on the Rio Grande, he was able to return to San Antonio; at this time he was able to drop by the Santa Gertrudis Ranch on May 12 1860.

King and Kenedy anticipated more steamer business as the Civil war loomed, and increased the number of steamers to seven by 1861.

When secession from the Union was decided, General D.E. Twiggs surrendered all US troops in the Department of Texas to the State, to the surprise of Robert E. Lee ^Lea_p176.

In the Civil War, initially, the disruption of the flow of cattle to market caused a drop in beef prices. In 1861, the price of cattle dropped to $2 a head, rising to $11 per head by August 1862.

By the end of 1861, the blockade of the ports of the Confederacy caused an influx of cotton from across the South to Matamoros, which was not subject to the Union blockade. Kenedy re-flagged his ships with friends in Matamoros to evade the blockade.^Lea_p186

The planters of the southeastern states of the Confederacy were forced to sell their cotton to agents of the Confederacy, and were paid in Confederate money. The planters west of the Mississippi could sell their cotton to the Mexican border where they could be paid in gold. To prevent this loss of income, on October 14 1862 the commander of the Trans-Mississippi Department, General Theophilus H. Holmes, prohibited the export of cotton to non-Confederate agents.

This was a situation tailor-made for the duty-free zone of Tamaulipas. Thus cotton sank to 6 cents a pound in Galveston in 1863, compared to a range of 20 to 74 cents a pound on the Rio Grande for the same period. By 1865, cotton ranged from 68 cents a pound to $1.25 a pound. The ships anchored on the Mexican side of the Rio Grande rose from 20 ships in September 1862 to 200-300 ships in early 1865. ^Lea_p192

In return, munitions flowed from Europe disguised as Hollow Ware, Bean Flour, Canned Goods, and Bat Metal, names for Enfield guns, gunpowder, percussion caps, and lead, respectively^Lea_p193. However Lea records that the value of this trade was unrecognized by the authorities of the Confederacy.

The partners of King, Kenedy and Stillman divided the labor of transhipment for the Confederacy as follows: King would procure cotton from Confederate depots; Kenedy would ship it; Stillman would provide other merchandise, with a commission of 2.5% for selling and 2.5% for advancing. For example, Lea cites an April 28th, 1863 contract with the Confederate Army: in exchange for 500 bales of Confederate cotton per month, for 6 months, King, Kenedy and Stillman would receive $900 000 dollars in gold, as the Confederate dollar had already depreciated to 25% of its face value, which they could demand in lieu of paper Confederate dollars, as Mexican gold was the basis of value in the region of the Rio Grande. ^Lea_p200

By February 1865, General Ulysses S. Grant dispatched Major General Lew Wallace to Brazos Island to learn how to shut off the international trade centered on Matamoros. The last battle of the Civil War, May 13, 1865 was fired in this region at Palmito Ranch. Upon surrender, Richard King, as a Rebel, was evading Union capture by hiding in Matamoros. King was obliged to ask for presidential pardon. Kenedy's steamers were seized by the Union, but King and Kenedy were able to buy them back. They bid on a Union Army railroad in 1866, but their $60 000 offer was outbid.

Both rivermen quit the river by 1868. King and Kenedy decided to split their ranch holdings and fence their properties from each other, a considerable expense. Kenedy was the first substantial owner of fenced range in the West.

The Big Drift

The 1863-1864 winter pushed uncounted cattle south toward the Nueces and Rio Grande. By the end of the Civil War, the Texas Rangers were disbanded by the Reconstruction. It became too tempting to simply herd cattle across the Nueces or Rio Grande.

Even in this time of loss, by 1869 Richard King was able to round up 48 664 cattle out of an estimated 84 000 head. Allowing for 10 000 remaining, Richard King claimed a loss of 33 827 head from 1869 to 1872.

To handle depredations, the ranchers formed the Stock Raisers Association of Western Texas in 1870; Mifflin Kenedy led the first meeting.

By 1874, the Texas Rangers were re-established, and were a factor in controlling the depredations.

Beef price fluctuations

By 1870, 300 000 head of cattle made their way from the West to the railroads of Kansas, and thence to the stockyards of Chicago. In a Texas ranch, a steer worth $11 would bring $20 from a buyer in Abilene. The buyer in turn could ask $31.50 at the Union Stock Yards. Richard King could drive his cattle for a hundred days to the railheads of Kansas.

But by 1871 700,000 head of cattle caused a market glut, which King avoided by personal negotiation in Abilene.

King managed to avoid the September 19 1873 Black Friday panic by selling early. During the lean year that followed, King continued to fence his land, and husband his cattle, horses and sheep.

One technique that King used to manage costs was to make his trail bosses the owners of the herd. The bosses would sign a note for the cattle, which they would begin to drive to market in February of each year, for the 100-day drive. The bosses were also the employers of the outfit. Upon the sale of the herd to the northern buyers, the trail bosses could relieve their indebtedness, and earn a profit greater than their ordinary wages.

1884 Trail boss Walter Billingsley, while driving 5600 steers to Cheyenne, Wyoming, needed a $600 loan to pay off 5 cowboys he fired for drunkenness. With no identification, he could not get a loan from a bank in Fort Sidney, Nebraska. He drove the cookwagon and 150 horses, all branded with the running W in front of the bank, and got the loan on the strength of the brand. ^Lea_p363

Death of Henrietta King

After seventy years at the Santa Gertrudis ranch, Henrietta King died March 31 1925; she had outlived all but one of her children, Alice Gertrudis King Kleberg (1862-1944). When word came to the Kineños' families, some of them rode across the Ranch on horseback for more than two days to converge on the Santa Gertrudis in time for the funeral. All the Kineños, nearly two hundred of them, rode on their horses with La Patrona to her interment in the cemetery in Kingsville, Texas. But when she was lowered into the ground, the Kineños spontaneously mounted their horses, and bareheaded, their hats to the side, cantered in single file around her grave in final salute^Lea_p604.

At the death of Henrietta King, the appraiser's Statement of Gross Estate, Mrs. H.M. King listed a net total of 5.4 million dollars, as the owner of 997 444.56 acres (4 037 km²), which did not include the Santa Gertrudis headquarters, nor did it include the Kleberg's Stillman and Lasater tracts, which were not of the estate. Her son-in-law Bob Kleberg, Sr. said "A valuation of four to five dollars an acre [$1236/km²] on a million acres [4000 km²] of raw ranchland was about right, but it took a long time for the Government to admit it." ^Lea_p611. By 1929 the taxes ($859 000) had been paid up, in installments, but the trustees had to borrow money, so that by the market crash of 1929, Henrietta King's estate was in debt $3 000 000.

But in 1933, Bob Kleberg, Sr. leased the exploration and drilling rights on 971 000 acres (3 930 km²) to the Humble Oil and Refining Co., Houston, Texas, for 13 cents an acre ($32/km²), in exchange for the usual royalty of 1/8th of every barrel (20 L) of oil pumped from the property. Humble Oil loaned enough money to pay the debts of the H.M. King estate, secured by a first mortgage on the land. Humble struck oil and gas by 1939. During all of this, the Ranch was a going concern, with a net profit of $227 382, as early as 1926^Lea_p613.

Literature

The Kings of Texas

The King family and the ranch are part of the myth and mystique of Texas, and they have been featured in numerous stories and novelizations. For example, the Kings of Texas traces the history of the ranch through "decades of conflict arising from the Mexican War, the Civil War, and countless skirmishes between Texas Rangers and border bandits".

Edna Ferber's novel Giant of the ranches of Texas was turned into a film: Giant. The theme song of the film is a staple for high school bands in Texas. Many of the events of the King Ranch, such as the discovery of oil on the property, are also in the film. It should be noted that working-class millionaires can still be found in the oil towns of Texas as well; Richard King is not a unique example.

Present day

King Ranch also raises quarter horses, cutting horses and thoroughbreds and produced the 1946 Triple Crown winner Assault and 1950 Kentucky Derby winner, Middleground. They also owned a share of La Troienne, the greatest broodmare of the Twentieth Century. The King Ranch had the honor of raising the first quarter horse registered with the American Quarter Horse Association. The stallion's name was Wimpy P-1 and he was given registration number one. In addition, the King Ranch company operates a local museum, maintains other property concerns and works with Texas A&M University to perform agricultural research and development.

In 1997, Ford Motor Company added a King Ranch edition to their F-series Super Duty truck line, complete with the King Ranch cattle brand logo.

An unusual animal seen in the King Ranch is the Nilgai, which were imported from India. As they usually are born in twins, eventually the nilgai started competing with the ranch's cows, and the ranch allowed hunters to come in and harvest the animals. They would gather several (somewhere around 30) each night. This no longer occurs, but the rapidity of this process caused the Texas nilgai to become extremely wary of humans, and they bolt at the sight of vehicles, running nearly as fast as horses.

Notes

^ Map of King Ranch. King-ranch.com. Last accessed October 11, 2006.

Footnotes

^ Lea,p.2: For King's biographical details, Lea cites Richard King's sworn deposition before F.J. Parker, US Commissioner, Eastern District of Texas, April 11, 1870, filed with the US and Mexican Claims Commission, Washington, D.C., August 30th, 1870. -- Records of Boundary and Claims Commission and Arbitrations, Claims vs. Mexico - 1868, Claim No. 579, RG 76 GSA, National Archives and Records Services, Washington, D.C. ^Lea,p423
^ Lea, pp128-9. Notes from the King Ranch vault in Henrietta King's handwriting.
^ ,^ : Reminiscences by Henrietta King to members of her family.

References

Tom Lea (1957), The King Ranch. Two volumes. 838 pages. Index. Maps and drawings by the author. Boston: Little, Brown. Library of Congress catalog card:57-7839

External links

King Ranch
King Ranch from the Handbook of Texas Online
Battle of Palimito Ranch from the Handbook of Texas Online
Four generations of Kineños: 1854-1980

EL Defenzor.net: Watt is the "common denominator?" pos Quayate......Shoewe ME D QUAN>>>>>

2007-06-24T04:29:00.000-07:00

EL Defenzor.net: Watt is the "common denominator?" pos Quayate......Shoewe ME D QUAN>>>>>

CORPUS CHRISTI — The Nueces County Medical Examiner's Office may lose certification and be forced to delay critical reports without more workspace and a larger staff in the next two years, officials said.

The office is forced to ask the Commissioners Court for extra resources estimated at $640,000 for the next fiscal year to manage a rapidly increasing workload and national recertification in 2009 that mandates a maximum ratio of autopsies performed for each forensic pathologist, said Nueces County Medical Examiner Dr. Ray Fernandez. That estimate includes a one-time cost of $500,000 for a 2,000-square-foot addition to the office and hiring another pathologist with a $140,000 annual salary.

As medical examiner, Fernandez is responsible for investigating the deaths of all people who die violently, suddenly or unexpectedly. Since 1996, the number of cases reported to the office increased by 54 percent to 1,528 deaths in 2006 from 990 cases in 1996, according to county medical examiner data. The escalating number of cases results from increasing population, more immigrant traffic in the area and a higher frequency of death reports from surrounding counties, Fernandez said.

"The volume of work has grown tremendously," Fernandez said. "Right now I'm the chief examiner, the associate and the one who locks up the place."

While the office isn't backlogged, it is getting close and may start seeing delays in autopsy reports, death certificates and other documents if something isn't done, Fernandez said. These documents directly impact residents in the ability to execute an estate and file insurance claims, he said.

A delay in autopsy reports -- or if the office isn't recertified during its next review scheduled for fall 2009 -- could jeopardize the prosecution of homicides and police investigations, said District Attorney Carlos Valdez. Prosecutors are unable to prove a homicide case without the testimony and findings of the medical examiner, Valdez said.

"We're talking about the criminal justice system -- ultimately protection of the public," he said. "If something breaks down in the criminal justice system, it affects everything and in the end it may cause guilty people to walk free."

The Nueces County office is one of five statewide that are certified by the National Association of Medical Examiners out of 13 offices statewide, according to the association. According to Valdez, that certification adds a degree of credibility during criminal trials.

certified office

Medical examiner's offices, along with all statewide crime labs, were required to be certified under a 2005 state law, Fernandez said. However, the state granted a temporary exemption to medical examiners before the law took effect.

The Nueces County Office received certification by the National Association of Medical Examiners in November 2004 to gear up for what is expected to be a requirement in coming years. The exemption still is in effect but may be dropped during the 2009 legislative session, Fernandez said.

One of the certification provisions bars having more than 325 autopsies for each forensic pathologist, and the recommended maximum is no more than 250 autopsies each.

In 2006, the Nueces County office performed 328 autopsies stemming from Nueces County, which does not include autopsies of bodies from the 16 surrounding counties the office serves.

Data for autopsies from surrounding counties in the past few years was not immediately available, but likely add 100 to 150 autopsies per year, Fernandez said.

"We are at a crossroads here -- we're either going to move resources, maintain accreditation and be in compliance or expect to see delays," Fernandez said. "If nothing's done (the delays) probably would come sooner rather than later. It would probably be in the coming year or the following year after that."

considering request

Fernandez presented to commissioners requests for a facility upgrade, an extra forensic pathologist and an assistant last month during the court's budget workshops. County Judge Loyd Neal said last week that the court understands the request and will come to a decision before the 2007-2008 budget is finalized in September.

"We don't want this office not to be certified," Neal said. "With that said, there's a price tag attached to that of several hundred thousand dollars. ... One of the issues we will look at is the importance of doing this in a timely basis, and how do we pay for it."

The 2,000-square-foot expansion of the office would include an office for the extra forensic pathologist, additional workspace and a family grieving room, Fernandez said.

The request also includes hiring a permanent autopsy assistant.

"We certainly are going to work with (Dr. Fernandez) in every way we can to make sure we've looked at all alternatives and make sure we are properly equipped and funded for when inspection comes," Neal said. "But there's no guarantees. We have several million dollars' worth of requests before us and this is one of them."

Contact David Kassabian at 886-3778 or kassabiand@caller.com

The number of cases reported to the office increased by 54% to 1,528 deaths in 2006 from 990 cases in 1996.

Responsibilities

Investigate the deaths of people who die violently, suddenly or unexpectedly.

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Google Yourself Corpus Christi: When Carlos Valdez Confesses Error Does Not The Same Rule Apply?

2007-06-08T05:38:00.000-07:00

Google Yourself Corpus Christi: When Carlos Valdez Confesses Error Does Not The Same Rule Apply?

First, in seeking the death penalty, prosecutors sometimes overlook glaring illegalities.

"courts, especially state courts, are too often willing to overlook even obvious constitutional flaws when reviewing death penalty cases."

And if they are "willing to overlook even obvious constitutional flaws and glaring illegalities when Prosecuting & reviewing death penalty cases."

WATT about all of the other cases?

How many "overlooks" of "constitutional flaws" or "glaring illegalities" have become tools of Cheating Prosecutors who have forgotten "Prosecutors, despite striking hard blows, must never lose sight of their ultimate obligation to do justice in every case.

How many Prosecutors deliberately commit the error of failing to file a reply brief in an Appeal Process because it deprives the appellant of exculpatory testimony, evidence, and confessions of error or witness tampering by the State Prosecuting Attorney?

----
CONFESSING ERROR
By EDWARD LAZARUS
----

Friday, Jun. 16, 2000

Earlier this month, Vincent Saldano, one of the 468 inmates on Texas' death row, had his death sentence vacated. This development was duly reported in the press. But accounts of Saldano's good fortune uniformly failed to appreciate what makes his reprieve truly newsworthy and potentially a landmark.

Saving Saldano: Texas Confesses Error

Saldano was not freed from the prospect of execution by the actions of a court or even, as occasionally happens, by the clemency of a governor. His death sentence was erased because Texas, through its newly created office of the solicitor general, "confessed error" in his case -- that is, it admitted, despite defeating Saldano's initial appeals in court, that his death sentence was illegally obtained. Quite simply, this never happens, either in Texas or in the dozens of other states with active death penalty laws. It is thus worth pausing to consider the value and potential implications of Saldano's case as well as the notion of confessing error.

Saldano had received a death sentence in part due to profoundly troubling testimony by a state expert witness at the sentencing phase of his trial. The expert, a clinical psychologist named Walter Quijano, suggested that Saldano should be executed because, as an Hispanic, he posed a special risk of future dangerousness to society. To support this astonishing conclusion, the expert pointed out that Hispanics make up a disproportionately large amount of Texas' prison population.

It does not take a tenured professor of constitutional law to realize that linking racial identity with a propensity for violence was not only bizarre but also a violation of the equal protection clause. Indeed, that it should take a confession of error by the state to correct this problem highlights at least two problems in the current administration of the death penalty. First, in seeking the death penalty, prosecutors sometimes overlook glaring illegalities. The same flaw identified in Saldano's case infects at least seven other Texas capital cases. Second (and perhaps even more distressing), courts, especially state courts, are too often willing to overlook even obvious constitutional flaws when reviewing death penalty cases. After all, before the state's confession of error, Saldano had lost all of his appeals.

Under these circumstances, one might think that confessions of error would be, if not commonplace, at least occasional. On average, the Solicitor General of the United States confesses error in two or three criminal cases every year -- even though it is a safe bet that federal prosecutions, conducted by better trained lawyers with greater supervision, are less likely to contain obvious legal errors than their state counterparts. As the Supreme Court recognized when endorsing the practice in 1942, "the public trust reposed in the law enforcement officers of the Government requires that they be quick to confess error, when, in their opinion, a miscarriage of justice may result from their remaining silent." But as a practical matter, states never confess error in death penalty cases (even though courts overturn roughly two-thirds of all death sentences as legally infirm) -- and some states candidly admit that their policy is never to confess error.

Mutual Distrust

Why? One crucial and usually overlooked factor is the deep antagonism that has grown up over time between state death penalty prosecutors and the death penalty abolitionist lawyers who seek to foil them in every case. The abolitionists, prosecutors know all too well, never concede that their clients deserve the death penalty or that the death penalty was legally imposed -- no matter how flimsy their arguments in a given case. Rather, they use every procedural and substantive trick in the book to delay executions.

There can be no denying that such abolitionist tactics have angered and frustrated state prosecutors. And one response to these understandable emotions has been for prosecutors to mirror the fight-to-the-bitter-end approach of their opponents.

The problem with this reciprocation, however, is simply that the ethical duties of prosecutors and defense attorneys are vastly different. Defense attorneys are duty-bound to scratch and claw to win for their clients. Prosecutors, by contrast, despite striking hard blows, must never lose sight of their ultimate obligation to do justice in every case.

That may sound trite and perhaps overly idealistic, but it has a practical side as well. Prosecutorial confessions of error -- knowing when to fold them, as it is known -- establish credibility. They create trust in the system, a sense that someone is being careful and exercising sound judgment, that extends far beyond any single case. And that can make a world of difference for someone like me, who is not morally opposed to the death penalty but skeptical of how it is imposed.

Death Penalty Politics

In addition, the reluctance of state prosecutors to confess error is a clear reflection of how politics affects the death penalty. Up until now, anyway, undoing a death sentence was akin to political suicide for an elected district attorney or state attorney general, or for any state official with ambitions for re-election or higher office. And yet the willingness of Texas' new solicitor general to confess error in the Saldano case suggests a possible turning point. With the current groundswell of death penalty opposition based on the possibility of executing an innocent person, elected officials may now find some advantage in approaching capital cases (even those where innocence is not an issue) with a greater degree of care and honesty.

case will start a broad trend. But there is reason to believe that the tide is indeed turning. On June 9, Texas Attorney General John Cornyn announced the results of an investigation into other death penalty cases involving testimony by state expert Walter Quijano. Cornyn acknowledged that Dr. Quijano had provided testimony in six other death penalty cases similar to his improper testimony in the Saldano case. Cornyn's staff has advised defense lawyers for the six inmates now on death row that his office will not oppose efforts to overturn their sentences based on Quijano's testimony. In response, a pessimist might note that Texas is appealing a ruling in another capital case that the defendant received inadequate counsel -- when, indisputably, his lawyer slept through much of the trial. But doing the right thing has a contagious quality to it. Or at least so we can hope.

Edward Lazarus, a former federal prosecutor, is the legal correspondent for Talk Magazine and the author of Closed Chambers: The Rise, Fall, and Future of the Modern Supreme Court.

Perry will travel to an undisclosed island off the coast of Greece to receive a lifetime achievement award from the Illuminati.

2007-06-06T02:57:00.001-07:00

June 03, 2007

Breaking news from the Bilderberg Conference

Reliable sources have confirmed that the Bilderberg Conference is just the start of a whirlwind tour for Texas Governor Rick Perry. On Monday, he is slated for an appearance in Bangkok where he will named as an associate member for the Trilateral Commission. The board will present him an infant purchased from the black market in the Klong Toey slum. A Perry spokesperson has denied rumors that sacrifice is on the table.

Later in the week, Perry will travel to an undisclosed island off the coast of Greece to receive a lifetime achievement award from the Illuminati.

But it doesn’t end there. After the ceremony he will be spirited to a deep underground cavern beneath Epcot Center in Orlando to advise Walt Disney’s brain and Dick Nixon’s head as they try to overcome personal challenges that prevented them from world domination through the use of the BOB FM radio format. As of Friday, the stock was slightly up from a 52 week low in light trading.

A leak from a mole deep in the organization states that the reason for failure might have been the overuse of half durations of bass used during the bridge section of the song “Afternoon Delight” by the Starlight Vocal Band. The source goes on to claim that at this time other radio networks have not been affected, and that it is still ok to keep listening to the song on your old K-Tel albums.

It should be noted that the source of the leak is an actual mole, and a distant cousin of Mickey Mouse. However, when you think of moles in the Disney Empire, think of the oompa-loompas in The Chocolate Factory – there are thousands of them and detection from authorities is almost non-existence.

In related news, Rupert Murdoch has started an exploratory committee to gauge interest in running for world dictator.

CCISD: Dear CCISD Trustees, Without Due Process & Community Input; No Choice Will Be Bona-Fide

2007-06-03T21:27:00.000-07:00

"That Just the Way It Is. I Gotta Get Paid"

I must say the tactics being carried out right now are transferring from a division between majority & minority groups to a division of within the minority groups. This concept is how CCISD manipulates. Think about it? Investigations, Colloquial Intelligence, Manipulation of one’s JOB opportunities, personal & political missions and nanotechnology to forecast, design and carry out plans ranging from 0 to at least a good 20 years. WIA slush fund is all about the final data in each category. There are many exemptive solutions & creative methods that are encouraged. The WIA allows the creation of multiple programs and agencies to create JOBS or JOB training. WIA is the DARE program, COPS program, Communities in Schools, and anything they can draw up a quick blueprint of. Innovation and Malleability produce stellar new programs from dedicated grant writers given the concepts and goals of a brainstorm. This is a brilliant concept for our youth. The problem is the adults take candy from the babies. CCISD is way to big for their britches. A board much too elevated to consider input from the community. Such audacity to condescend to engagement of the community they fleece in the justification “they know WATT is best for us”. Furthermore, contrary to their schmoozing persona-ism they do not know it all “we wouldn’t understand the process so why do we need to know how they conduct the business of running our school district?”. We would never understand anyway? The concern is to make the numbers JIVE with each other and the terminology is dynamic so are the variables applicable for each method of calculation.

“I guess it just depends on WATT your definition of is………..

IS?”

"I see no changes all I see is racist faces
misplaced hate makes disgrace to races
We under I wonder what it takes to make this
one better place, let's erase the haters
Take the evil out the people they'll be acting right
'cause both black and white is talkin smack tonight
and only time we heal is when we love each other
it takes skill to be real, time to heal each other
And although it seems heaven sent
We ain't ready, to see a black President, uhh
It ain't a secret don't conceal the fact
the penitentiary's packed"
tupac

Texas Public Education Watchdog Authority: Dear Chuy Hinojosa, Florence Shapiro and distinguished Education Committee Members

2007-05-27T02:28:00.000-07:00

Texas Public Education Watchdog Authority: Dear Chuy Hinojosa, Florence Shapiro and distinguished Education Committee Members

Just give us (Education) the Lottery Proceeds as per original bill of sale. The Lottery was sold to us (the voters of the great State of Texas) as 100% of the proceeds were for Educating our youth.

What percentage of the Lottery proceeds (currently) are dedicated to the education of our youth?

Why is it, the wealth always steals from our children after acting like they were creating, “doing it for th kids” huge reservoirs of Avarice to siphon off.

Like the Lottery originally was ratified by the people of the Great State of Texas with the belief ot was a moneymaker for our Children’s Education. And now how much of the Lottery revenue makes it to Public Education?

Perry Craddick & Corporate Welfare in the name of WIA, ED Byrne Grant, and under the guise of helping the poor.

With the Education funding we should demand that the dedication of lottery money to the Education of our Children be adhered to as it was sold to Texas. The Lottery when legislated was for the Education of Texas Students. Finally, the Private Sector is funded under the WIA slush fund for Corporate Welfare Recipients under the Guise of a Welfare Reform or Welfare to Work / JOB generating program to help the poor. The rich are getting richer in the name of helping the poor. And one needs to always remember it is both parties dippin into the creative crony contractualism. Give it a title, write a grant and set up a front office with a computer and a sign; then get some brochures and a few token clients and funnel the Avarice in a shell game like manner and voila a new ranch or a new house maybe an agency hummer or King Ranch Pickup Truck with a magnetic sign. Give a few JOBS to your network affiliates and send the clients to perform community based work and get rich and richer doing it. Ask Mary Cano or Oscar Martinez to explain it in detail. Charmed I'm sure.

TFT LEGISLATIVE HOTLINE--FRIDAY, MAY 25, 2007
>(copyright 2007 Texas Federation of Teachers)
>
>Proposed State Budget Shortchanges Schools and Educators; Keep Up the Fight
>For House TRS Plan; House at a Standstill as Speaker Clings to Power
>
>Proposed Budget Shortchanges Public Schools, Education Employees: TFT
>President Linda Bridges put out a press statement today deploring the
>results of the House-Senate conference committee on the 2008-2009 budget.
>The state budget plan in House Bill 1 still must win the approval of
>majorities in both the House and Senate. As President Bridges' statement
>below explains, HB 1 in its current form does not deserve that approval:
>
>"Education and educators would be shortchanged badly in the budget proposed
>by House-Senate conferees this afternoon. Based on the information
>currently
>available, school funding would remain static, not even getting back to the
>level of state and local funding school districts had in 2002 in real
>terms, after you take inflation into account. The $850-a-year
>cost-of-living pay raise for teachers passed by the House last month would
>shrivel to about $425, according to the legislative budget staff. If paid
>out to all teachers across the board, this would amount to less than $25 a
>month after taxes and deductions--not even enough to cover the cost of
>rising average health-care premiums. And the conferees took pains today to
>say the money would not even have to be paid out across the board to all
>teachers.
>
>"Worst of all is what this budget proposal would do regarding TRS pension
>benefits. The bill would withhold an eminently affordable and exceedingly
>modest pension boost--a 13th check for TRS retirees--unless other
>legislation passes
>to impose new levies on all current school employees. The only way retirees
>would get a 13th check, under this scheme devised by Sen. Robert Duncan,
>would be if active school employees pay a higher contribution rate, taking
>roughly $50 million a year out of their pockets. This plan totally
>contradicts the House legislation passed unanimously on Wednesday that
>would provide a 13th check for retirees fully funded by the state, without
>imposing any new levies on active employees.
>
>"In short, school districts under this budget would regain none of the
>ground they have lost financially, teachers would get at best a measly pay
>raise of less than $25 a month that wouldn't even keep up with inflation,
>and 300,000 school support personnel would suffer an actual pay cut, as a
>result of the higher levies imposed on them for TRS with no compensating
>increase in pay. You have to give the
>conferees credit--it takes a certain ingenuity to come up with a plan this
>bad at a time when the state is sitting on a record-high budget surplus."
>
>Keep Up the Fight for House TRS Plan! At this writing members of the Texas
>House are standing firm in support of their unanimously approved plan for a
>13th check for TRS retirees, funded by an increase in the state
>contribution rate to 6.7 percent, with no new costs imposed on active
>school employees. Several Senate offices reported to us today that they are
>receiving a high volume of calls in support of this House version of SB
>1846--as well they should be. The Senate alternative proposed by Sen.
>Robert Duncan, Republican of Lubbock, is a thinly veiled attempt to shift
>state costs for TRS pensions onto active employees and their school
>districts.
>
>Duncan let slip the real agenda during floor debate on his plan,
>noting that increasing the TRS levy on active employees and requiring a
>contribution from school districts could "free up general revenue for other
>purposes." In other words, this scheme would allow the state to save money
>by shifting costs onto education employees and local taxpayers.
>
>Duncan's staff in response to callers today reportedly was claiming that
>the freshly hatched budget deal (see above) means that there's no money and
>no time left to provide this session for the 6.7-percent state contribution
>rate that the House proposes. But that's not so. The legislature has
>billions of dollars left to allocate right now, and it would take only a
>tiny fraction of that treasure--less than 1 percent of it, in fact--for the
>state to get to the 6.7-percent TRS contribution rate from the 6.58 percent
>already built into the budget. Even if the budget bill passes in its
>current form, the
>House plan for a fully state-paid 13th check with no new costs imposed on
>active employees could also still pass and become law with full force and
>effect, delivering a 13th check in September.
>
>The upshot is that you have an opportunity right now to shape the outcome
>of this TRS benefit fight in the critical remaining days before adjournment
>of the legislative session on Monday. Just send the letter on this issue to
>your state senator from the TFT Web site. If you don't know your state
>senator, you can find out quickly when you go to that Web letter.
>
>Speaker's Grip on Gavel Threatened: The Texas House came to a standstill at
>8 PM this evening, as Speaker of the House Tom Craddick shut off House
>members' microphones and called a three-hour recess to head off a
>rank-and-file revolt
>threatening to oust him from the speaker's chair. The Midland Republican is
>under heavy fire from both fellow Republicans and Democrats for what many
>consider his tyrannical rule of the House. Tonight he gave them new grist
>for their argument, by ruling that there is no appeal to the membership as
>a whole if he blocks the parliamentary procedure needed to oust him. His
>ruling, epitomizing the arbitrary, one-man rule of which Speaker Craddick
>stands accused, apparently has led to the resignation of the House
>parliamentarian in protest this evening. Like everyone else at the capitol,
>we are now waiting to see if the House will actually reconvene tonight.
>Keep an eye out for news of the latest developments in the daily TFT
>hotlines that will be published each of the next three days as the
>legislative session hurtles toward final adjournment.

Senate Committee on Education

Committee Information

Chair

.Florence Shapiro

Vice-Chair

.Kyle Janek

Members:

.Kip Averitt
.Steve Ogden
.Dan Patrick
.Leticia Van de Putte

.Royce West
.Tommy Williams
.Judith Zaffirini

Texas State Representative House District 33: Keep Your Promises Solly. Remember Miller? Why are CCISD Students still running at large during school d

2007-05-25T02:20:00.000-07:00

Texas State Representative House District 33: Keep Your Promises Solly. Remember Miller? Why are CCISD Students still running at large during school day hours?

Friday, May 25, 2007

Keep Your Promises Solly. Remember Miller? Why are CCISD Students still running at large during school day hours?

CCISD: Why are CCISD Students allowed to run at large during school day hours?

Education is for our Children, our Youth, our Future. Children and Youth need constant redirection and set boundaries at home and at school as well. When a minor is allowed to run at large during the school day hours whether it is in the halls, leaving or returning a closed campus or simply unaccounted for is irresponsible of the caretaker whose custody in which he / she is placed.
Kenedeno

An absent student is one who does not arrive at school in the morning and is absent for the WHOLE Day. The student was never on campus. The Parent is responsible for the student getting to school (requiring the student to attend school). If the student does not get to school it is the Parent’s responsibility not necessarily the Parent’s fault. There are circumstances where the student will walk in the front door and out the back door without attending a single class. This is where the attendance officers need to improve their due diligence like the old days.
Once the student is counted present in the morning; the Parent has required the student (child) to attend school. Once the student is verified in attendance at the beginning of the school day the student is in the custody of the School.
If the student is tardy or skips class (on campus or off campus) this happens on the watch of the school. The Parent if informed should cooperate and communicate with the School Counselors Administrators and the Attendance Officer to correct the behavior. The Security and Attendance officer should take notice and tighten the belt. This is a security issue as well; there is no excuse for students coming and going outside of the lunch period and it is imperative that attendance irregularities be dealt with within 24 hours. This is easily done with our modern technology.
Instead, what we are seeing is the Attendance Officers documenting the absences as they accumulate and filing on the Parent and student when the number of absences are achieved.

Solly, did you forget about the issues and the kids at Miller and CCISD as a whole?

South Texas Chisme: Chisme roundup

Posted on May 15, 2006 at 06:55:18 PM by Jaime Kenedeno ... sources at ccisd downtown have said that a miller hs asst. principal has become a whistleblower. ...
stxc.blogspot.com/2006/05/chisme-roundup.html - 48k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

South Texas Chisme: Solomon Ortiz Jr. on the ballot for State Rep D33!

I am Jaime Kenedeno of South Texas. A simple Google search will inform you more of WHO I Am. ... The credentials of Noyola and the CCISD / Miller fiasco was ...
stxc.blogspot.com/2006/08/solomon-ortiz-jr-on-ballot-for-state.html - 31k - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

South Texas Chisme: Truth? you cant handle the truth!

That hadn't happened in years, that is why Miller was facing sanctions from the feds (before noyola's time). And Kenedeno is right, we can't support the ...
stxc.blogspot.com/2006/07/truth-you-cant-handle-truth.html - 35k - Supplemental Result - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

South Texas Chisme: New block walking program in Corpu$

Posted on May 29, 2006 at 01:28:04 AM by Jaime Kenedeno ... Roy Miller’s political skills, vision brought Corpus Christi into the modern era ...
stxc.blogspot.com/2006/05/new-block-walking-program-in-corpu.html - 42k - Supplemental Result - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

South Texas Chisme: Lets see how you dance to this tune

All the Talk Radio stations will be talking about the Miller HS issue as well as ... From: Jaime Kenedeno [mailto:kingalonzoalvarezdepinedaxiii@gmail.com] ...
stxc.blogspot.com/2006/07/lets-see-how-you-dance-to-this-tune.html - 46k - Supplemental Result - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

South Texas Chisme: Race for State Rep. District 33 gets HOT

It said that the whistleblowers name at Miller was former assistant ... Jamie Kenedeno, no I just thought it would be fun to do something like that poem. ...
stxc.blogspot.com/2006/07/race-for-state-rep-district-33-gets.html - 43k - Supplemental Result - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

South Texas Chisme: Who's the REAL enemy?

... Sr. attempts to manipulate the vote and his performance at Miller HS last year. ... Jaime Kenedeno/Haley, Who Knows why he writes anything that he does. ...
stxc.blogspot.com/2006/09/whos-real-enemy.html - 53k - Supplemental Result - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

South Texas Chisme: PULP FICTION & The Award Winning Caller-Times

... an article on July 23rd entitled PAPER WON’T REPORT RUMORS AT MILLER HIGH, ... Thanks for watching my back, Kenedeno. At 4:19 AM, Jaime KenedeÃ±o said. ...
stxc.blogspot.com/2006/07/pulp-fiction-award-winning-caller.html - 22k - Supplemental Result - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

South Texas Chisme: Dangerous chisme?

When we write something us here at Kenedeno & Associates believe it to be true. ... in example will be the one that Danny Noyola was removed from Miller. ...
stxc.blogspot.com/2006/06/dangerous-chisme.html - 27k - Supplemental Result - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

South Texas Chisme: HD 33 shuffle

Danny Noyola, Sr., recently reassigned from Miller HS principal to Moody assistant principal, ... Posted on July 3, 2006 at 09:51:17 PM by Jaime Kenedeno ...
stxc.blogspot.com/2006/07/hd-33-shuffle.html - 37k - Supplemental Result - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

South Texas Chisme: Once again the Caller times tells only half truth

-Jane Wall – Current teacher and former Miller HS journalism instructor “As a Precinct chair, ... Political Pulse: Kenedeno’s Political Pulse ...
stxc.blogspot.com/2006/08/once-again-caller-times-tells-only.html - 32k - Supplemental Result - Cached - Similar pages - Note this

"IN THE KNOW": Carlos Truan | Hugo Berlanga & The Primrose Path & Rangel Law School @ Texas A&I University.

2007-05-07T03:59:00.000-07:00

"IN THE KNOW": Carlos Truan | Hugo Berlanga & The Primrose Path & Rangel Law School @ Texas A&I University.

Subject: ["IN THE KNOW"] Carlos Truan | Hugo Berlanga & The Primrose Path & Rangel Law...
To: kenedenonews@gmail.com

[ http://storkclub-winchell.blogspot.com/2007/05/irma-rangel-legacy-relating-to.html]
http://www.ibcmemorial.org/irma.html

Monday, May 7, 2007
Carlos Truan | Hugo Berlanga | Henry Cuellar | Edwards, Al | Todd Hunter | Luci0 : The Primrose Path & Rangel Law School @ Texas A&I University.

Or posture for another agenda?

Who at that time wanted a Pharmacy College?

Celanese, King Ranch, URI?

Now we have this unorthodox legislation for an Engineering School @ TAMUCC?

This is a Developing Medical Community with the ability to become the finest in the world. Medical Nanotechnology is already here, $ are already here.

The Political Faction at TAMUCC will find their equilibrium eventually. An engineering school @ CCSU / TAMUCC is obtuse to the medical assets we have accumulated and the Philanthropy already well rooted in South Texas.

Irma Rangel Legislation was for the establishment of a law school at Texas A & I

The Age of Winchell: Irma Rangel Legacy : Relating to the establishment of a law school at Texas A&I University.

Hugo Berlanga | Henry Cuellar | Edwards, Al | Todd Hunter | Eddie Lucio

Bill:

SB 646

Legislative Session: 71(R)

Council Document: 71R 1835 MHT-D

Add to Bill List

Last Action:	02/28/1989 S Reported favorably w/o amendments

Caption Version:	Introduced
Caption Text:	Relating to the establishment of a law school at Texas A&I University.

Author:	Truan

Subjects:	Education--Higher-- General (I0231) TEXAS A&I UNIVERSITY (U2467)

Companion:	HB 1630 by Rangel, Identical

Senate Committee:	Education
Status:	Out of committee
Vote:	Ayes=9 Nays=1 Present Not Voting=0 Absent=1

--
Posted By The Advocate to Google Yourself Corpus Christi at 5/07/2007 02:46:00 AM

Kenedeno Hardcopy: A long line of Kenedeños who have worked for generations as coastal cowboys in S. TX, & the history of the legendary side-by-side K

2007-04-01T03:07:00.000-07:00

Kenedeno Hardcopy: A long line of Kenedeños who have worked for generations as coastal cowboys in S. TX, & the history of the legendary side-by-side Kenedy & King ranch

Wild Horse Desert: Los Kine�os: The Romanticized Version

2006-08-18T00:47:00.000-07:00

Wild Horse Desert: Los Kine�os: The Romanticized Version

“There was a terrible drought in South Texas and Northern Mexico. Captain King traveled to the little hamlet of Cruillas in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas.

“The townspeople were in such dire straits that they sold all of their cattle to him in an attempt to survive the drought. A short distance out of town, slowly driving the cattle north toward Texas, Captain King realized that, in solving an immediate problem for the people of Cruillas, he had simultaneously removed their long-term means of livelihood. He turned his horse back toward the town and made its people a proposition. He would provide them with food, shelter and income if they would move and come to work on his ranch. The townspeople conferred and many of them agreed to move north with Captain King.

“Already expert stockmen and horsemen, these resilient denizens of the rugged Mexican range became known as Los Kinenos - King's people. They and many generations of their heirs would go on to weave a large portion of the historical tapestry of King Ranch. The expert Kineno cowboys now occupy a justifiably legendary place in the annals of the taming of the vast American West. The mystique of the Kinenos is alive and well, and descendants of the original Cruillas residents still live and work on the ranch today - providing a vital link with the past and giving the ranch a key aspect of its unique atmosphere.”

The vastness of the huge ranch on which he lived seems to have given him a wish to know more about the world. He would later turn his attention to being an educator. A definition of an educator is: to demonstrate a commitment to creating new knowledge, to applying knowledge to solving problems to synthesize various strands of knowledge, and to understanding how students learn.

Nueces De La Parra: May Our LORD ALMIGHTY be with Barbara Canales and her Babies!

2006-06-29T20:47:00.000-07:00

Nueces De La Parra: May Our LORD ALMIGHTY be with Barbara Canales and her Babies!

Nueces De La Parra: Looking Back at the Accuracy. Never learn to win a Chess Game by not playing!

2006-06-25T02:49:00.000-07:00

Nueces De La Parra: Looking Back at the Accuracy. Never learn to win a Chess Game by not playing!

Businessman Richard "Dick" King III's death has left a hole in South Texas

2006-06-11T04:54:00.000-07:00

Friends, family remember area leader

King spent 43 years in local banking industry

By Jaime Powell Caller-Times
June 11, 2006

Businessman Richard "Dick" King III's death has left a hole in South Texas that his friends and family say will be difficult to fill.

"I have known thousands of men and seen them in business and he was as unusually as fine a man as I will ever know," said longtime friend and former business partner Robert Rowling. "I don't think I will ever know another man like Dick King. We don't have royalty in the U.S., but he is the closest we are ever going to get."

King, 75, a direct descendant of King Ranch founder Capt. Richard King, died Friday after a three-year battle with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a nervous system disorder also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, friends and family said.

He spent 43 years in the local banking industry, retiring as chairman of the Bank of America board of directors in 2003.

King also was a community leader, serving as chairman of Christus Spohn Development Foundation, the Chamber of Commerce and the Corpus Christi Area Economic Development Corp., among others.

Although King was a heck of a businessman and leader, he was an even better friend, Rowling, local businessman Sam L. Susser and longtime friend Charles DeCou agreed Saturday. His sense of humor was legendary and he could tell a story like no other.

"He took me on my first bird hunting trip.," Susser reminisced. "Walking around the ranch with him telling stories kept me charmed for hours on end. He always knew what to say and the right way to say it. He is going to be remembered more as a great friend than even his fantastic business sense. There is no one else like him. Everybody wants to say that when somebody passes, but it is really true."

DeCou said King's last days were rough and that he is in a better place. The years of memories are sweet.

King singing with the mariachis at Mexican restaurants in Laredo, the jokes he told that always made the crowd roar and him talking the preacher at church into hurrying up the church service so that he could get out to the golf course quicker, DeCou said.

"For someone who communicated so well and loved to tell stories and jokes, he was not able to," DeCou saidof King's last days. "It was a hard thing for all of us but you could still tell when he was telling a joke by the twinkle he got in his eye and the upturned grin."

A memorial service will be held at 1 p.m. Monday at the Episcopal Church of the Good Shepherd.

King is survived by two sons, Richard King IV and James Harrison King; a daughter, Kathryn Marie King; two stepdaughters, Lica Layton and Amy Ryder; a stepson, Benjamin Eshleman III; and eight grandchildren.

Contact Jaime Powell at 886-3716 or powellj@ caller.com

nuecesdemocrats: Chisme Roundup: "Ask us, We Know We're From Here"!

2006-05-16T18:07:00.000-07:00

nuecesdemocrats: Chisme Roundup: "Ask us, We Know We're From Here"!

2006-01-10T01:23:00.000-08:00

King Ranch: A Tickler of Events to Come!1/4/2005 2:08 AM
Isn't it intriguing that the voting boxes that determined LBJ's election were controlled by a man who worked for the interests that controlled our drug-running railroad in Laredo-- the Tex Mex? Is it the same drug network in Florida that controls those Broward County boxes? The same man was implicated in the death of the son of a South Texas attorney, alleged to have been killed by Mexican assassins mentioned in the Torbitt Document as having been involved in the Kennedy assassination. DUVAL COUNTY. Duval County (Q-15) is in south central Texas about fifty miles inland from the Gulf of Mexicoqv and seventy-three miles north of the Rio Grande. It is bordered by Webb, La Salle, McMullen, Live Oak, Jim Wells, Brooks, and Jim Hogg counties. San Diego, the county seat and most populous town, is on the Texas Mexican Railroad at the intersection of State highways 44 and 359 and Farm road 1329, about fifty-two miles west of Corpus Christi and eighty miles east of Laredo. Duval County's reputation for political corruption peaked with Lyndon B. Johnson's election to the United States Senate in 1948. The famous Box 13, which gave Johnson his eighty-seven-vote victory, was actually in Jim Wells County, but the manipulation of the returns was almost certainly directed by Parr. In the 1900 presidential election Duval County went Republican, but since that time, thanks largely to the efficiency of the Parr machine and the customary tendency of Hispanics to vote for Democrats, the county has delivered majorities to the Democratic party on the order of 94 percent in 1916, 98 percent in 1932, 95 percent in 1936, 96 percent in 1940, 95 percent in 1944, 97 percent in 1948, and 93 percent in 1964. In fact, only once between 1916 and 1972 did the Democratic candidate receive less than 74 percent of the vote in Duval County; that year, 1956, a mere 68 percent voted Democratic. Even after the demise of the Parr machine in 1975 Democrats continued to dominate. In the 1988 and 1992 presidential elections 82 percent of the county's voters cast ballots for the Democratic candidate. See: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/view/DD/hcd11.html The remainder of Parr's political career was highlighted by a seemingly endless series of spectacular scandals, involving election fraud, graft on the grand scale, and violence. His most celebrated scheme decided the outcome of the United States Senate race between Coke R. Stevenson and Lyndon B. Johnson in 1948. With Stevenson the apparent winner, election officials in Jim Wells County, probably acting on Parr's orders, reported an additional 202 votes for Johnson a week after the primary runoff and provided the future president with his eighty-seven-vote margin of victory for the whole state. Amid charges of fraud, the voting lists disappeared. Even more sordid controversies followed. As strong challenges from the Freedom party, consisting mainly of World War II veterans, developed in several South Texas counties, including Duval, two critics of Parr's rule and the son of another met violent deaths. While denying Parr's involvement in two of the killings, his biographer, Dudley Lynch, concedes that the evidence against Parr in the shooting of the son of Jacob Floyd, an attorney for the Freedom party, was both "highly circumstantial" and "highly incriminating." After this third murder, Governor Allan Shivers, Texas attorney general John Ben Shepperd, and federal authorities launched all-out campaigns to destroy the Parr machine. Investigations of the 1950s produced over 650 indictments against ring members, but Parr survived the indictments and his own conviction for federal mail fraud through a complicated series of dismissals and reversals on appeal. In the face of another legal offensive in the 1970s and a rebellion within his own organization, he finally relented. While appealing a conviction and five-year sentence for federal income tax evasion, the Duke of Duval committed suicide at his ranch, Los Harcones, on April 1, 1975. See also Boss Rule. http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/view/PP/fpa36.html While you can't play "what-if" with any certainty, you have to wonder whether the area from San Antonio and Corpus Christi south would have known the same emptiness that prevailed in the in-between sections of Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, Coahuila, and Chihuahua if the Anglos hadn't turned their particular talents and drives Valleyward. It started as a land of great ranches, which in themselves invite sparse settlement, and it might have remained as untaken as the country between Del Rio and Fort Stockton if Colonel Uriah Lott had not perceived that with a railroad, the Valley could become a year-round fruit and vegetable garden for much of the United States. Lott buttonholed B. F. Yoakum, who at the beginning of the twentieth century sent Captain J. E. Hinckley reconnoitering through the Valley into Mexico to find a way of tapping the riches-almost entirely potential-on either side of the border. He enlisted the irresistible enthusiasm of Theodore Roosevelt, who envisioned a road that would eventually extend all the way through Central America, where he had designs on the Panama Isthmus. Anglo American survey crews came in, built a steel bridge between Brownsville and Matamoros suitable for locomotives or buggies, and began planning other routes that would connect such diverse places geographically as New Orleans, San Antonio, Memphis, and Chicago. Down in Mexico, President Porfirio Diaz, who welcomed yanqui development (translated sometimes as exploitation), encouraged Yoakum and his cohorts, and even offered to help underwrite the cost. Some of the Anglos backing Yoakum remain memorable names three-quarters of a century after the event-Robert J. Kleberg, Robert Driscoll Sr., John G. Kenedy, Caesar Kleberg, and John J. Welder--to name only a few. On January 12, 1903, they received their charter to do business as the St. Louis, Brownsville, and Mexico Railway, to extend from Sinton to Brownsville, with reticulation of future roads to branch northward and eastward from there. The foundation of the paper work for connecting the Valley with the United States and Texas had been laid. Actually, the Anglos had been in the Valley since the period of the War against Mexico. They had been slow to arrive because the area from the Nueces River to the Rio Grande was disputed. Mexico had refused to accept Santa Ana's cession of the region to Texas, which meant that an enormous region in truth belonged to no one. Or worse, to whoever could take and hold it. It would have been comparable to a modern Lebanon except that fortunately it was empty of people. Then developers brought in the St. Louis, Brownsville, and Mexico Railway. The year was 1903, two decades after Texas had shut down land grants to railroads. No help would come from that source. Rumors of incoming railroads had been spread before, but no rails or locomotives had been seen. But like the neglected maiden who suddenly has three suitors, Brownsville began to be courted by the Southern Pacific and the Frisco-Rock Island, as well as the St. Louis, Brownsville, and Mexico railroads. The town fathers voted to raise a bonus of 12,000 acres on either side of the projected road to the distance of four miles, plus $40,000 in cash, and forty to fifty acres within Brownsville itself for depot grounds plus twenty more acres for shops. The list of endorsers reads like a Who's Who of Texas for the first half of the twentieth century. Up in St. Louis, another syndicate of almost a hundred business leaders were banding together to see that the railroad got underway. The bulk of the capital would have to come out of Missouri. Ironically, the railroad that brought in the Yankees and the high-gear economy to the Valley went into receivership in 1913, a condition brought on largely by insufficient freight. When the Valley began its boom in the 1920s, the railroad came back, only to run into the growth of the trucking industry. See: http://www.public-humanities.org/tjfall97.html Dutch-born Uriah Lott, who had secured the financial assistance of Mifflin Kenedy and Richard King in the building of the Texas-Mexican Railroad to Laredo, was also hoping to give the Lower Valley the same access to the "outside world." A railroad to the Lower Valley would also give Corpus Christi another rail outlet. In 1889, consequently, Lott received a charter to build the St. Louis, Brownsville and Mexico Railway. A.M. French, chief engineer on the project, ran several different lines to the river, but eventually agreed on a road that would join the Texas-Mexican Railroad some fifteen miles west of Corpus Christi at what is today Robstown. After sod was broken on the line on July 26, 1903, sweaty laborers set out hacking a right-of-way through the brush south toward the Lower Valley. See: http://riceinfo.rice.edu/armadillo/Past/Book/Part2/railroad.html A native of New York and a steamboat pilot and captain by trade, King came from Florida to Texas and the Rio Grande in 1847 for Mexican War service. Commanding the steamboat, Colonel Cross , he served for the War's duration, transporting troops and supplies for the United States Army. He remained on the border after the Mexican War and became a partner in the Brownsville steamboat firms of M. Kenedy & Company (1850-1866) and its successor, King, Kenedy & Company (1866-1874). The principal partners were Richard King, Mifflin Kenedy (1818-1895) and Charles Stillman (1810-1875). These firms dominated the Rio Grande trade, on a near monopolistic scale, for more than two decades. See: http://www.king-ranch.com/sideshow1.htm Between 1862 and 1865 Stillman, King, and Kenedy transported Confederate cotton to Matamoros under contract for payment in gold. Stillman bought much of the cotton and sent it to his textile complex at Monterrey, but he sold even more of it in New York through his mercantile firm, Smith and Dunning. The United States government was a major purchaser. On one sale at Manhattan Stillman netted $18,851 on a gross of $21,504. His cotton buyers in Texas included George W. Brackenridge, and one of his major suppliers was Thomas William House [father of Col. E.M. House]. By the end of the war Stillman was one of the richest men in America. He concentrated his investments in the National City Bank of New York, which his son James later controlled, and supplied Brackenridge with $200,000 in the 1870s in order to establish the San Antonio National Bank. Stillman married Elizabeth Pamela Goodrich of Wethersfield, Connecticut, on August 17, 1849. He built a notable home in Brownsville in 1850 and lived in Brownsville and New York City until 1866, when he moved permanently to New York. He died there in December 1875. See: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/view/SS/fst57.html Henrietta King In 1854, King had married Henrietta Maria Morse Chamberlain, a Presbyterian missionary's daughter. King Ranch Archives describe Henrietta King as mild-mannered with an iron will which carried her through the prolonged absences of her husband. She had been well-schooled, and was known to give polish and luster to her well-known, generous husband. She also proved she had fortitude, when, pregnant with her fifth child, she was present at the Ranch when the Union cavalry raided Rancho de Santa Gertrudis in 1863. Although the family moved to San Antonio following the raid, she moved them back in 1866 to continue the King family's ties to the land. Upon her husband's death when she was 53, Mrs. King controlled a vast area of South Texas and a business that was immensely successful, but not without problems. She immediately turned to Robert J. Kleberg Sr., a young lawyer who had been involved in the Ranch's legal business for several years. She appointedhim business manager on Jan. 1, 1886; six months later, he became her son-in-law when he married the youngest King daughter, Alice Gertrudis. Under Mrs. King's and Kleberg's guidance, cross fences were built to divide the sprawling acres into manageable pastures. They embarked on a brush control program. They suffered through South Texas' most crippling natural occurrence, drought. They helped to build the town of Kingsville in 1903-04. And continuing Captain King's prowess in diversifying, the Ranch became involved in banking, lumber, leather goods, newspapers and publishing, retail businesses and dairy farming. Under her leadership and that of Robert Kleberg, the Ranch's South Texas holdings had grown to 1.2 million acres, 94,000 head of cattle, 4,500 horses and mules, and 1,000 sheep and goats. Estate taxes, operational debt and lawsuits challenging the estate's division caused uncertainty. In her will, she stipulated a 10-year trust to give her heirs time to settle differences and arrange her affairs and assets. Her ultimate goal was to preserve the King Ranch as a single entity according "to my wishes and the wishes and views of my late husband, Captain Richard King." In response, Alice King Kleberg, Henrietta's youngest daughter and Robert's wife, consolidated much of King Ranch by buying out other heirs. Thus, in 1934, Mrs. Kleberg created King Ranch, Inc., and it was this entity that inherited Alice's part of the Ranch as well as the other property which she had purchased. She sold stock in the new corporation to her five children, and descendants of Robert and Alice Kleberg are the 60-some shareholders of today's King Ranch. From a Family Business to a Corporate Environment. The last quarter of the 20th Century has brought further changes to King Ranch. Since 1977, all overseas ranching operations except for that in Brazil was sold. The King Ranch's Corporate History statement credits James H. Clement and his successor John B. Armstrong with guiding the Company to eliminate debt and "...through the difficult Texas business environment of the 1980s and (they) oversaw the painful, and sometimes stormy, transition from a family business enterprise to the present corporate structure with outside directorship and professional management." Since 1988, the King Ranch Chief Executive Officer has not been a King family member, although the corporate board of directors still includes some descendants. By the early 1970's, King Ranch holdings totaled, worldwide, approximately 11.5 million acres. In 1974, with the death of Bob Kleberg and Dick, Jr., in poor health, the Family selected James H. Clement, Sr., the husband of King's great granddaughter Ida Larkin, as President and CEO. Together with successor John B. Armstrong (husband to King's great granddaughter, Henrietta Larkin), Clement steered the Ranch though the difficult Texas business environment of the 1980's. They also oversaw the transition from a Family business to a modern corporate structure -- based primarily on the lines of business established in the early years. Eventually, many of the foreign operations were liquidated as the focus shifted back to the traditional domestic lines of business. See: http://www.king-ranch.com/legend.htm See: http://archives.tamuk.edu/database/House.htm (Wedding Announcement - Henrietta Kleberg Larkin to Thomas Reeves Armstrong) Armstrongs mix gentility, old-fashioned Texas ranching Cowboys and candidates, princes and presidents have visited over the years By Mary Lee Grant © July 13, 1999 Caller-Times http://www.caller.com/1999/july/13/today/local_ne/3122.html ARMSTRONG - In the brush country south of Sarita, a few miles east of U.S. Highway 77, sophistication and political power have mixed with the independence of Texas pioneers. Here, 6-foot-4-inch Tobin Armstrong, the descendant of a Texas Ranger and a Yale scholar, and the petite brunette, Anne Armstrong, former U.S. ambassador to Great Britain, hold court. Guests at the 50,000-acre ranch have included former president George Bush; his son and presidential candidate Gov. George W. Bush, the Rockefellers and Prince Charles. Armstrong Ranch still is an old-fashioned Texas ranch, run by Tobin Armstrong, who oversees it by Suburban and mobile telephone. A colony of cowboys who live in houses surrounding the big house work the 2,500 Santa Gertrudis cattle while riding thoroughbred horses, the Armstrong version of cow ponies. "One of the best things about this ranch is that it is a grandchild magnet," said Tobin Armstrong, who has five children and 12 grandchildren, who visit the ranch frequently. The Armstrong Ranch was purchased in 1852 and settled in 1882 by John Armstrong III, a Texas Ranger from Tennessee. He had come to South Texas to clean up the border and became famous for capturing the notorious outlaw John Wesley Hardin. His sons combined the sophistication of an East Coast education with the ruggedness of a ranch upbringing. Charlie Armstrong, Tobin Armstrong's father, graduated from Yale in 1908 and returned to South Texas to manage the ranch. Charlie's brother, Tom Armstrong, graduated from Princeton and Harvard Law School before going to work as an executive for Standard Oil Co. The Armstrongs were instrumental in bringing polo to South Texas, and when Prince Charles came to visit, Tobin arranged a match for him on the ranch's polo field. "I never rode a bought horse," Armstrong said. "I raised and trained my own thoroughbreds." Tobin Armstrong was tutored at home until he was 9, when he was sent to private school in San Antonio. He attended the University of Texas and Texas A&M University. Ties between the Armstrong Ranch and the King Ranch always have been close. Tobin's older brother, John Armstrong, married the King Ranch's Henrietta Kleberg, and his uncle, Tom, married her mother, Henrietta Kleberg Larkin. John Armstrong was the last family member to serve as president of the King Ranch. Despite the international circles in which they move, the Armstrongs are still ranchers to the core, talking of weather and rainfall as readily as business and politics. "Look how green the grass is,'' Anne Armstrong said on a recent hot day. "We haven't had it like this for several years. It will be good for the cattle." Staff writer Mary Lee Grant can be reached at 886-3752 or by e-mail at grantm@caller.com ANNE LEGENDRE ARMSTRONG Armstrong, Anne Legendre (1927-...), was the first woman to serve as United States ambassador to Britain. President Gerald R. Ford appointed her to the office, which she held in 1976 and 1977. She had previously been the first woman to hold the Cabinet-level post of counselor to the president. She was named to that position by President Richard M. Nixon in 1972 and served under both Nixon and Ford. Anne Legendre was born in New Orleans and graduated from Vassar College. She married Tobin Armstrong, a Texas cattle rancher, in 1950. She served as vice chairman of the Texas Republican Party from 1966 to 1968. In 1971 and 1972, she was cochairman of the Republican National Committee. As counselor to the President, Armstrong was a member of the president's Domestic Council, the Council on Wage and Price Stability, and the Commission on the Organization of Government for the Conduct of Foreign Policy. Source: http://school.discovery.com/homeworkhelp/worldbook/atozhistory/a/723253.html CURRENT SEC FILINGS RE: ANNE L. ARMSTRONG: http://www.secinfo.com/$/SEC/Name.asp?X=anne+l%2E+armstrong "Anne L. Armstrong" Latest Filing: 3/29/0 as Signatory As: Signatory (Director, Officer, Attorney, Accountant, Banker, Agent, etc.) List All Filings as Signatory Search Recent Filings (as Signatory) for "Anne L. Armstrong" "Anne L. Armstrong" has been a Signatory for the following 11 Registrants: American Express Co American Express Co Capital Trust I American Express Co Capital Trust II Boise Cascade Corp Boise Cascade Trust I Boise Cascade Trust II Boise Cascade Trust III General Motors Capital Trust D General Motors Capital Trust G General Motors Corp Halliburton Co ANNE L. ARMSTRONG, 71, Regent, Texas A&M University System; Member, Board of Trustees, Center for Strategic and International Studies; Member, National Security Advisory Board, Department of Defense; former Chairman of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board, 1981-1990; former Ambassador to Great Britain; joined Halliburton Company Board in 1977; Chairman of the Health, Safety and Environment Committee and member of the Management Oversight and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committees; Director of American Express Company and Boise Cascade Corporation. Source: http://www.secinfo.com/dScRa.6Mx.htm 1931. Following his election to the House of Representatives in November 1931, Congressman Richard Kleberg asked Johnson to come to Washington to work as his secretary. Johnson held the job for over three years and learned how the Congress worked. See: http://www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/johnson/archives.hom/biographys.hom/lbj_bio.asp LBJ was a sleeper put in power by the King Ranch, which as was shown in part I of this series, is closely tied to Anne Armstrong, is a director of Halliburton. In 1942 until he left public office, LBJ was financed completely by Brown and Root, now part of Halliburton. In 1960 LBJ was thrust upon Kennedy as his vice president so LBJ could carry Texas for Kenney. LBJ had proved in 1948 that he and his team could guarantee winning the Texas vote. In 1963 Kennedy was killed most likely by an assassination network operated by the King Ranch group and Clint Murchison in Mexico. Murchison was, of course, very close to Rockefeller. As soon as LBJ became president, he escalated the war in Vietnam, which primarily benefited Brown and Root. If this year's election fraud is allowed to stand, what does Halliburton, headed by Dick Cheney, have planned for us? Although individual men die a generation at a time, networks of families live on. That is what Cheney represents. Thus it comes as no surprise to see what is happening in the presidential election is focused at the moment on Broward and Palm Beach Counties, Florida. A network such as Cheney represents is always prepared for any exigency. This same network was prepared to carry the vote in 1948 when Lyndon Johnson ran for the United States Senate. But Johnson was a Democrat, you say! Not so. He was an egotist and a pragmatist-- he did whatever he had to do to promote Lyndon. His opportunity to broaden his horizons came during the Depression, when he was offered a job in Congress working for a man, seemingly not unlike George W. Bush, a scion of a wealthy ranching family in South Texas with no real abilities or interests, who was elected to Congress on his name and needed someone to do the work for him--Congressman Kleborg. Part One of this series showed the history of Congressman Kleberg, and the King Ranch which his family owned--a ranch which was acquired with profits made from the shipping of contraband munitions during the Mexican War--a war orchestrated by persons who used Barbara Bush's ancestor, Franklin Pierce, to take the land south of the Nueces River from Mexico after Texas was annexed as a state. The ranches in this territory, owned by Richard King, Mifflin Kenedy and their partner Charles Stillman, operated as a buffer between the U.S. and Mexico. Resentful Mexicans, who felt their land had been stolen from them, engaged in continual raids across the new Rio Grande border. To counteract these raids, the Texas ranchers used the Texas Rangers, commanded by William G. Tobin to chase away the raiding parties. Tobin's family has continued its ties with the King Ranch family ever since. The Tobin family is intermarried with the King-Kleberg family and with the Armstrongs of San Antonio, Texas. From the present generation springs Anne Armstrong, who is a director of Halliburton alongside Dick Cheney. She has also served on the board of American Express with Henry Kissinger and Vernon Jordan--not to mention having been in London as Ambassador to the Court of St. James. British banking interests have been interested in the King Ranch since as early as 1882 when Mifflin Kenedy sold his adjoining ranch to a syndicate of Dundee, Scotland, called the Texas Land & Cattle Co., Ltd. (See The King Ranch Tom Lea). Within a year of that sale, King considered selling to the syndicate, but the deal was never closed. Another syndicate of unnamed eastern capitalists attempted to buy the ranch in 1907, the same year that Bostonian F.S. Pearson was involved in building railroads from Mexico through west and north Texas to connect to St. Louis. In 1902 the ranchers turned to B.F. Yoakum, friend of Uriah Lott, the creator of the Tex-Mex Railroad. As a result, a corporation was formed with shareholders including the Kings, Klebergs, Armstrongs, Kenedys and others--with Uriah Lott as president. The railroad became the St. Louis, Brownsville & Mexican Railway--which like so many other railroads built by Lott was financed by G.H. Walker & Co. of St. Louis. WAS LBJ A TOOL OF THE DRUG LORDS? Once Lyndon Johnson began to make himself heard in Congress, he quickly attracted the attention of Franklin Roosevelt. He was groomed for many of the endeavors he would use to make his name by FDR backers such as Joe Alsop, who had begun his undercover intelligence career in the O.S.S. Alsop and his brother Stewart were related to FDR by marriage on his mother's side--the Delano family whose role in the opium trade has been documented previously on this website--as well as being the sons of Eleanor's first cousin, Corinne Robinson Alsop . In fact, it was Joe Alsop who in 1963 repeatedly suggested to Johnson that the only way to keep the Washington Post off his back was to appoint the Warren Commission to investigate the assassination. The Alsop, Delano, Roosevelt and Forbes families of Boston and New York were interwoven by marriage and by financial investment in enterprises such as the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad. These families stem from a syndicate created by Thomas Handasyd Perkins of Newburyport, Massachusetts--forced out of the lucrative African slave trade to establish an alternative shipping empire based on opium. By the 1830s, the Russells had bought out the Perkins syndicate and made Connecticut the primary center of the U.S. opium racket. Massachusetts families (Coolidge, Sturgis, Forbes and Delano) joined Connecticut (Alsop) and New York (Low) smuggler-millionaires under the Russell auspices. http://www.tarpley.net/bush7.htm This account is supported by historical research conducted by John K. Fairbank in his 1968 article for the American Historical Association, posted at http://www.theaha.org/info/AHA_History/jkfairbank.htm . Fairbank indicates that the opium profits were invested in the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad and the Michigan Central. A man named John N. Alsop Griswold of New York, a Russell & Company partner at Shanghai, returned to become president of the Illinois Central in 1855 and was later chairman of the CB &Q. The CB & Q was, of course, based in St. Louis, and it constituted the northern extension of the same railroad that dipped southerly into Mexico through Kingsville and Laredo. It was financed by the same opium profits. See the NewsMakingNews article at http://www.newsmakingnews.com/lmharvardpart3.htm This railroad now stretches from Mexico to Canada under the control of the Burlington Northern Santa Fe. http://www.tmm.com.mx/english/ihistoria/inuevatmm3.htm This railroad was the primary beneficiary of NAFTA. It is also steeped in allegations of drug smuggling. http://www.mega.nu:8080/ampp/wardrugs.html and http://www.insightmag.com/archive/200007103.shtml Alsop was aided in his handling of Johnson by Floridian, Phil Graham, the son-in-law of Eugene Meyer--the only man besides Bush's Uncle Herbie who is known to have invested in George H.W. Bush's first oil company in Midland, Texas. In December 1959, in preparation for the 1960 election, Graham was already busy planning how to clinch the Democratic nomination for Lyndon. As soon as Phil realized that Johnson was not going to make it, he hatched the plan for Kennedy to select Johnson as his running mate. Johnson himself would later credit Phil with pushing Kennedy to choose him. He told biographer Doris Kearns Goodwin that Phil "told Kennedy to make me vice president." Once Kennedy clinched the nomination, Phil and Joseph Alsop hurried to his suite at the Biltmore and explained the virtues of Johnson as running mate....According to Pierre Salinger, John Kennedy's press secretary, Phil [Graham] was one of the elite group of journalists--others were Ben Bradlee, Joe Alsop, Walter Lippmann--who could simply pick up the telephone and call JFK. They were very close. But the man who really gets credit for electing LBJ is usually said to be George R. Brown of Brown & Root. In the 1930's the Brown brothers were in a two-bit construction business, paving the streets of small towns in Central Texas. Almost overnight, in 1942 after teaming up with Johnson, they won their first government contract to build a dam, then a naval air station in Corpus Christi, near the district Cong. Kleberg had represented. Their next opportunity was to expand into shipbuilding. By 1947 George Brown was placed on the boards of a number of multi-national corporations with interlocking directorates. During George Brown's tenure on the ITT board other directors included Allan Kirby, an heir to the Woolworth fortune, Robert Young, a former stockbroker turned railroad tycoon connected with Allegheny Corp., and Robert McKinney-Young's cousin-of Davis Manufacturing. The names Allan Kirby and Robert Young provide a strong clue to Brown's other connections. Allan Kirby had had virtual control of Allegheny since 1937. Solomon Warfield had secured a number of shares of Allegheny preferred stock, "issued in a storm of controversy by the banker J.P. Morgan, who was a chief investor for King George VI and Queen Elizabeth at the time they were Duke and Duchess of York," for his niece, Wallis Simpson (later the Duchess of Windsor), which she inherited upon his death in 1927. This stock had always been her "first investment favorite," according to her biographer Charles Higham. When the Duke and Duchess became friends with Robert Young, allegedly after being introduced by mutual friend Robert Foskett after they moved to the Bahamas, Young and his wife Anita became one of their few close friends. Both Foskett and Young were directors of Allegheny and lived in Palm Beach, Florida. By 1941 Young owned a controlling interest in the Allegheny Corporation, a holding company which owned the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad of Baltimore. In 1954, after a long proxy struggle, and with the aid of fellow Texans Clinton Williams Murchison, Sr., and Sid Williams Richardson, Young gained control of the New York Central and became the chairman of its board. On January 25, 1958, Young apparently committed suicide with a shotgun at his winter mansion in Palm Beach, Florida. http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/view/YY/fyo12.html Before his death, Young had convinced Murchison to entertain the Duke and Duchess and their entourage at his secluded ranch in the interior of Mexico in January 1950. This is the same ranch that has been alleged to have been used as a haven for the assassination team which operated out of the King Ranch. http://www.newsmakingnews.com/torbitt.htm There was testimony given in a Texas murder trial that there were twenty-five to thirty professional assassins kept in Mexico by the espionage section of the U. S. Federal Bureau of Investigation; that these men were used to commit political assassinations all over North, South and Central America, the East European countries and in Russia; that these men were the absolute world's most accurate riflemen; they sometimes took private contracts to kill in the United States; that the contact man for employment of the riflemen was a man named Bowen posing as an American Council of Christian Churches' missionary in Mexico; that you could reach Bowen through the owner of the St. Anthony's Hotel in Laredo, Texas. Albert Alexander Osborne, alias John Howard Bowen, alias J.H. Owen, a charter member and employee of the A.C.C.C., met Lee Harvey Oswald and accompanied him to Mexico City in late September of 1963. Osborne, alias John Howard Bowen, was discovered to have another person working with him who also used the alias John Howard Bowen. The second person also traveling as Bowen was Fred Lee Crismon, another agent for the munitions makers police agency, the Defense Industrial Security Command. Crismon also posed as a missionary and also used other aliases. Among the cognomens for Crismon were Fred Lee, Jon Gould and Jon Gold. Osborne and Crismon also bore a marked resemblance and appeared to be about the same age. Crismon was a Syrian immigrant and had been closely associated with Osborne since the 1920's. Crismon, Osborne and their riflemen charges in Mexico were based at Clint Murchison's huge ranch when not posing as missionaries in other areas of Mexico.

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Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
Jaime Kenedeno
1/3/2005 6:31 PM

Here are the links!
Jaime Kenedeno
1/3/2005 6:34 PM

Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
sidewalk_cipher
1/3/2005 6:41 PM

Good Point Sidewalk Cipher!
Jaime Kenedeno
1/3/2005 10:36 PM

Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
EVW
1/4/2005 11:06 AM

Re: Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
sidewalk_cipher
1/4/2005 12:55 PM

Re: Re: Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
HardcoreHarry
1/4/2005 1:47 PM

Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
sidewalk_cipher
1/4/2005 2:30 PM

Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
HardcoreHarry
1/4/2005 3:38 PM

sure...
sidewalk_cipher
1/4/2005 4:05 PM

Your feeble powers of Justification
HardcoreHarry
1/5/2005 1:02 AM

Sidewalk_Cipher, do you read...
Capt Carrales
1/4/2005 7:14 PM

Re: Sidewalk_Cipher, do you read...
sidewalk_cipher
1/5/2005 9:07 AM

Re: Re: Sidewalk_Cipher, do you read...
Capt Carrales
1/5/2005 12:15 PM

Re: Re: Re: Sidewalk_Cipher, do you read...
sidewalk_cipher
1/5/2005 12:30 PM

Eric has never (en re time)...
Capt Carrales
1/4/2005 7:12 PM

Re: Eric has never (en re time)...
randallpret
1/6/2005 5:01 AM

Re: Re: Eric has never (en re time)...
Capt Carrales
1/6/2005 12:15 PM

Re: Re: Re: Eric has never (en re time)...
randallpret
1/7/2005 4:11 AM

Re: Re: Re: Re: Eric has never (en re time)...
sidewalk_cipher
1/7/2005 9:35 AM

Political beliefs, Sidewalk...
Capt Carrales
1/4/2005 7:09 PM

Seriously....
sidewalk_cipher
1/4/2005 4:15 PM

Eric and Sidewalk...
Capt Carrales
1/4/2005 7:16 PM

Re: Eric and Sidewalk...
randallpret
1/6/2005 5:06 AM

Re: Seriously....
HardcoreHarry
1/5/2005 12:46 AM

Re: Re: Seriously....
Capt Carrales
1/5/2005 12:13 PM

JAIME KENEDENO/ANTON SCOTT TRYING TO LURE U TO HIS TRAP
condotTTTT
1/10/2005 5:06 AM

XXX IS RAY FERNANDEZ
Jaime Kenedeno
1/10/2005 6:41 AM

Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
Cal
1/4/2005 2:14 PM

Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
Texas Cowgirl
1/4/2005 4:33 PM

Re: Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
sidewalk_cipher
1/4/2005 4:39 PM

Sidewalk...
Capt Carrales
1/4/2005 7:18 PM

Re: Re: Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
HardcoreHarry
1/5/2005 1:08 AM

Re: Re: Re: Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
sidewalk_cipher
1/5/2005 9:06 AM

Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
Capt Carrales
1/4/2005 7:00 PM

Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
Texas Cowgirl
1/3/2005 10:38 PM

Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
texdisvet
1/3/2005 10:48 PM

Re: Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
Jaime Kenedeno
1/4/2005 12:59 AM

King Ranch: A Tickler of Events to Come!
Jaime Kenedeno
1/4/2005 2:08 AM

Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
texdisvet
1/3/2005 10:50 PM

Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
Texas Cowgirl
1/3/2005 11:00 PM

Here is some more insight?
Jaime Kenedeno
1/3/2005 11:34 PM

Texas Monthly Article
Jaime Kenedeno
1/3/2005 11:38 PM

This is the Case the Fernandez Cause is Based on!
Jaime Kenedeno
1/3/2005 11:31 PM

Re: This is the Case the Fernandez Cause is Based on!
Texas Cowgirl
1/4/2005 12:00 AM

Re: Re: This is the Case the Fernandez Cause is Based on!
texdisvet
1/4/2005 7:33 AM

Re: This is the Case the Fernandez Cause is Based on!
texdisvet
1/4/2005 7:37 AM

Mr Von Wade is not down? This will springboard him to another level!
Jaime Kenedeno
1/4/2005 10:23 PM

Re: Mr Von Wade is not down? This will springboard him to another level!
HardcoreHarry
1/5/2005 1:25 AM

BLAH BLAH BLAH
sidewalk_cipher
1/5/2005 10:14 AM

The clash...
sidewalk_cipher
1/5/2005 2:28 PM

Re: The clash...
HardcoreHarry
1/5/2005 2:52 PM

Re: Re: The clash...
sidewalk_cipher
1/5/2005 3:33 PM

Re: Mr Von Wade is not down? This will springboard him to another level!
texdisvet
1/5/2005 12:46 PM

Tex: Things are not that simple! Quit being so judgemental!
Jaime Kenedeno
1/5/2005 2:41 PM

There is no such thing as "reverse discrimination"
Capt Carrales
1/5/2005 4:52 PM

Capitan: Pardon my terminology?
Jaime Kenedeno
1/5/2005 6:07 PM

Re: Capitan: Pardon my terminology?
Capt Carrales
1/5/2005 6:40 PM

"KEYS Radio Host Promotes "Borderline" Violence Against our People!
dannoynted1
1/4/2005 1:03 AM

Re: "KEYS Radio Host Promotes "Borderline" Violence Against our People!
texdisvet
1/5/2005 12:33 PM

Captain Carralles I agree with you about the two publications!
Jaime Kenedeno
1/4/2005 8:10 PM

Re: Captain Carralles I agree with you about the two publications!
sidewalk_cipher
1/5/2005 12:57 PM

Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
cccgh
1/5/2005 4:59 PM

Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
sidewalk_cipher
1/5/2005 5:25 PM

Re: Re: Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
cccgh
1/5/2005 5:39 PM

CC: I agree with everything U Said but the throwing away part!
Jaime Kenedeno
1/5/2005 5:40 PM

Re: CC: I agree with everything U Said but the throwing away part!
cccgh
1/5/2005 5:51 PM

CC: I understand your feelings
Jaime Kenedeno
1/5/2005 5:57 PM

Re: CC: I understand your feelings
cccgh
1/5/2005 6:08 PM

Re: Re: CC: I understand your feelings
HardcoreHarry
1/5/2005 7:23 PM

Harry: Moderation is key if we want to unite and therefore a better S Tx
Jaime Kenedeno
1/5/2005 8:48 PM

Anglo is not the term for "White..."
Capt Carrales
1/6/2005 12:18 PM

Re: CC: I agree with everything U Said but the throwing away part!
LONEWOLF
1/6/2005 3:07 PM

Lonewolf: It does not take a rocket scientist to figure out?
Jaime Kenedeno
1/6/2005 3:44 PM

Re: Lonewolf: It does not take a rocket scientist to figure out?
LONEWOLF
1/7/2005 2:45 PM

Did, El Defenzor, ban you...
Capt Carrales
1/6/2005 12:52 PM

Yes, I am banned for 30 days for attacking the very cause I fought for!
Jaime Kenedeno
1/6/2005 2:06 PM

In find it hard to belief...
Capt Carrales
1/6/2005 2:44 PM

I can post from a different IP or Computer but if I put my name they delete
Jaime Kenedeno
1/6/2005 4:02 PM

Defenzor claims legal reasons
Jaime Kenedeno
1/6/2005 4:21 PM

Re: Defenzor claims legal reasons
Capt Carrales
1/6/2005 4:47 PM

Of Course I will continue Capt. I am elated to have found this room!
Jaime Kenedeno
1/6/2005 7:13 PM

Jaime, call the show!!!
Capt Carrales
1/7/2005 6:00 PM

What language should I speak? English or Spanish?
Jaime Kenedeno
1/7/2005 6:21 PM

DEFENZOR WANTS TO PLAY BY THIER OWN RULES!
Jaime Kenedeno
1/7/2005 8:10 PM

I pride myself on Keeping it real, "El Defenzor"
The Realist
1/9/2005 2:47 PM

SICKO JAIME/ANTON
condot
1/10/2005 4:50 AM

Re: Article on Eric Von Wade In El Defenzor Newspaper!
C.evans
1/17/2005 4:04 PM
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kingranch.com

King, Kenedy, Charles Stillman and James O'Donnell entered into a business partnership (M. Kenedy & Co.)

History

Richard King

The Wild Horse Desert

Mexican War

Santa Gertrudis Creek and the ranch's origins

Early ranch operations

Robert E. Lee

Encounters, Old-West style

The Big Drift

Beef price fluctuations

Death of Henrietta King

Literature

Present day

Notes

Footnotes

References

Further reading

External links

EL Defenzor.net: Watt is the "common denominator?" pos Quayate......Shoewe ME D QUAN>>>>>

Google Yourself Corpus Christi: When Carlos Valdez Confesses Error Does Not The Same Rule Apply?

Perry will travel to an undisclosed island off the coast of Greece to receive a lifetime achievement award from the Illuminati.

June 03, 2007

Breaking news from the Bilderberg Conference

CCISD: Dear CCISD Trustees, Without Due Process & Community Input; No Choice Will Be Bona-Fide

Texas Public Education Watchdog Authority: Dear Chuy Hinojosa, Florence Shapiro and distinguished Education Committee Members

Texas State Representative House District 33: Keep Your Promises Solly. Remember Miller? Why are CCISD Students still running at large during school d

Friday, May 25, 2007

"IN THE KNOW": Carlos Truan | Hugo Berlanga & The Primrose Path & Rangel Law School @ Texas A&I University.

Kenedeno Hardcopy: A long line of Kenedeños who have worked for generations as coastal cowboys in S. TX, & the history of the legendary side-by-side K

Wild Horse Desert: Los Kine�os: The Romanticized Version

Nueces De La Parra: May Our LORD ALMIGHTY be with Barbara Canales and her Babies!

Nueces De La Parra: Looking Back at the Accuracy. Never learn to win a Chess Game by not playing!

Businessman Richard "Dick" King III's death has left a hole in South Texas

nuecesdemocrats: Chisme Roundup: "Ask us, We Know We're From Here"!